Jun 20, 2022 5pm Oper Leipzig
Wagner: Die Feen
Cond: Matthias Foremny, Dir: Renaud Doucet
Kirstin Sharpin (Ada), Marc Horus (Arindal), Viktorija Kaminskaite (Lora), Nikolay Borchev (Morald)
(scroll down for English review)
三年前,萊比鍚歌劇院來香港藝術節演出《唐懷瑟》時,向香港觀眾預告會在2022年夏天演出華格納全部13齣歌劇,誠邀香港樂迷到萊比鍚參與盛事。當時覺得很長遠,也有不少人感到雀躍。三年過後,倣如隔世,幸而歡送音樂總監兼劇院總監Ulf Schirmer的華格納全集,得以在疫情緩解下舉行。
第一齣就是華格納20歲處男歌劇《妖精》(Die Feen),這個製作本是2013年華格納二百冥壽時於拜萊特演出,但演出地點要改在一間體育館舉行,因為華格納不准他三部早期歌劇在節日劇院舉行,如今這個《妖精》製作和《戀愛禁令》製作都被萊比鍚歌劇院接收,不時重演,成為萊比鍚歌劇院獨有的戲寶。
坦言我沒認真聽過此劇,現場更是第一次。三幕不計兩次中場休息,差一點三小時,接近《唐懷瑟》。故事是人類王子Arindal(男高音)打獵時邂逅美艷的妖精公主Ada(女高音),決定不回國和美人生活。其實Ada是不死身,其父要求她在八年內不得向Arindal披露身份。一對情侶有了兩個孩子,可是Arindal在八年差一天時問了Ada的名字,她煙消雲散。Arindal的父皇駕崩,更受外敵進攻,Arindal雖已找到愛人下落,但要回去復國。看這些情節,很有《羅恩格林》(別問我是誰)、《唐懷瑟》(人類被妖精迷惑)、《荷蘭人》(八年/七年)、《帕西法》(打獵時遇上女主角)的蜘絲螞跡吧?
第一幕寫得頗為冗長,有很多長篇的敘述,說出前事,但又不像《崔斯坦》或《指環》那些敘述有精湛的音樂墊底。但第二幕寫得不俗,Ada既有一首很像貝多芬《費德里奧》Leonora詠嘆調、長12分鐘又颷高音的個人表演,這幕也撇開了第一幕韋伯或孟德爾遜的影響,倒是和華格納之後的《羅恩格林》類近,而且華格納原來一早表露了想寫音樂戲劇的企圖,只是還未發展出主題動機的系列。其實故事在第二幕最後,Arindal擊退外敵、收拾叛徒就可以完結,不過他誤會了Ada,要在第三幕去到妖精國度奪回愛妻才可完場,他帶着盾、劍及豎琴過關斬將,也有點奧爾菲斯傳說的味道。
《妖精》在華格納生前沒有上演,首演是他死後五年的1888年。我覺得此劇首先錯在改壞名,明明就是強烈的愛恨情仇,妖甚麼精呢?不如叫《Ada and Arindal》吧。其次就是華格納把詠嘆調寫到很長,又太像話劇式的獨白,沒有像樣的旋律支撐,第三就是配角太多,一來就是兩三人來唱雙簧,徒添上演難度,難怪當年沒有歌劇院願意上演。不過時至今日,身為華格納迷真的不能不看,我要強調是看不是聽,因為要有戲劇的支撐下,這齣歌劇才真正成戲,只聽不行。此製作大抵是傳統古裝製作,不過把Arindal設定成一個在現代,在電視收看萊比鍚歌劇院《妖精》的轉播、被妻兒冷落的中年男子……

Ulf Schirmer is going to bow out of Oper Leipzig with the performances of all 13 Wagner operas, although he wouldn’t be conducting all of them. He did greet the audience before this performance of Die Feen, Wagner’s first opera written when he was 20, but remained unperformed until five years after his death. This production directed by Renaud Doucet was first seen in the 2013 Wagner anniversary “off-Bayreuth” run of the three early operas. Oper Leipzig took over the productions of Die Feen and Das Liebesverbot and both remained staples of the opera house’s repertoire.
Now that I’ve seen it I have to declare this is a must-see for Wagnerians. You really have to SEE it, you can’t get by with just listening to CDs. Firstly I feel Wagner made the mistake of naming it “The Fairies” because the work is more Lohengrin than A Midsummer Night’s Dream. The first act felt too long and the narrative passages are too clumsy, but without the dazzling musical support of the narratives of King Marke or Wotan. And there are too many secondary or tertiary supporting roles that would definitely be detrimentalt for an opera house to put its trust on a 20-year-old unproven composer. But I must say Wagner already made it clear that he was aiming for a music drama. Act 2 is especially enjoyable, the heroine has a show-stopping aria that is very reminiscent of Leonora’s in Beethoven’s Fidelio.
The production by Renaud Doucet is mostly in periodic costumes but Arindal is set to be a modern day family man watching a TV transmission of Oper Leipzig’s production of Die Feen. But such meta-references don’t really justify themselves, in my opinion.